Heart Attack

What is a heart attack?

A heart attack occurs when blood supply to part of the heart is interrupted by the obstruction of a coronary artery.

Deprived of oxygen, the cells in this part of the heart muscle die little by little until the supply is restored.

The extent of the damage varies according to the duration of the interruption: heart damage can be mild, serious or irreversible. In some cases, the heart attack can be fatal.

Types of heart attack;

There are two types of heart attack:

Myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation (STEMI)

It occurs when the arterial obstruction is complete, that is, the blood flow in a coronary artery carrying oxygen-rich blood to the heart is completely interrupted.

Since the supply of oxygenated blood is interrupted, the entire thickness of the heart muscle that is supplied by this artery is damaged, which can lead to its death.

This can be seen on the electrocardiogram (ECG), which will show an elevation of the ST segment corresponding to the site of the lesion on the wall of the heart.

Myocardial infarction without ST segment elevation (NSTEMI)

It occurs when the arterial obstruction is partial, that is, the blood flow in a coronary artery carrying oxygen-rich blood to the heart is not completely interrupted.

Only part of the thickness of the wall of the heart is damaged.The ECG will not display any elevation from the ST segment.Signs and symptoms of a heart attack.

In men and women, discomfort or chest pain is the most common symptom of a heart attack. However, it is important to know the following facts:

The signs and symptoms are not always sudden or severe.

Some people have no chest pain.Some only experience mild pain or slight chest discomfort.Some have only one symptom.Others may experience or have a combination of signs and symptoms.

If you have any of the signs of a heart attack listed, it is imperative to:

1- Call local emergency number immediately.

2- Stop all activity and sit or lie down, in the position in which you are most comfortable.

3- Take your usual dose of nitroglycerin, if applicable.

4- Chew and swallow aspirin, or acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), if you have no risk of allergy or intolerance - take 1 tablet of 325 mg or 2 of 81 mg.

Aspirin can prevent the blood clot responsible for the heart attack from growing.

• It cannot be replaced with other painkillers, such as Tylenol (acetaminophen) or Advil (ibuprofen).

• It does not meet the need for medical care. Before taking it, call 9-1-1 or the local emergency number.

5- Calm down and rest while waiting for help.

6- Keep a list of your medications in your wallet or near your phone for emergency personnel.

Signs and symptoms in women:

Generally, women imagine that a heart attack is like what you see in Hollywood movies:

a lightning pain pushing the character to bring his hands to his chest before collapsing on the ground.

So, if the pain does not seem so severe to them, or if they experience symptoms other than that pain, such as nausea, sudden tiredness, or abnormal shortness of breath (those most commonly reported by women), they are more likely to delay transportation to emergency departments, then less likely to receive intensive treatment quickly.

At 39, you’re not prepared for a heart attack. Unfortunately, heart disease can strike anyone, anytime.

Risk Factors You Can Control

*Smoking

*High blood pressure (high blood pressure)

*Hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia (high cholesterol and triglyceride levels)

*Unhealthy weight

*Diabetes

*Metabolic syndrome - the combination of unhealthy weight, high blood pressure and hyperglycemia (high blood sugar)

*Lack of physical activity

*Stress

*Use of recreational drugs - such as cocaine or amphetamine, which can cause spasm of one or more coronary arteries and lead to a heart attack.

Risk factors you can't control

*Age - The risk of having a heart attack increases with age.Family history -

*Your risk is higher if one of your close relatives was diagnosed with heart disease at a young age.

*Medical background -

Autoimmune conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis or lupus, increase your risk of having a heart attack. The same goes for preclampsia in pregnancy.

*And First Nations people have a higher risk of heart disease than the general population. It’s that they’re more likely to have high blood pressure and diabetes, health problems that can lead to heart disease.

*African or South Asian origin - People of African or South Asian origin are more likely to have high blood pressure, have diabetes and have other risk factors at a young age than rest of the population.

*Personal situation and environmental factors - Access to healthy food, clean water, health care and social services affect your health.

causes

In general, a heart attack occurs when the blood flow in one or more coronary arteries is interrupted.

The blockage prevents oxygen from reaching certain parts of the heart.

The main cause of blood flow interruption is narrowing and hardening of the arteries, or atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerosis is characterized by the accumulation of fatty plaque inside the wall of an artery.

This buildup hardens the artery wall.

Over time, the artery narrows and becomes blocked.

The plaque can also rupture, causing blood to clot and a blood clot to form.

The blood clot can get bigger, block a coronary artery, and interrupt blood flow to the heart, causing a heart attack.

A heart attack can also be caused by a spasm of the coronary artery.

The coronary artery temporarily tightens after a spasm.

This tightening can interrupt blood circulation in the artery.

Certain recreational drugs can cause a life-threatening spasm.The causes of spasms are often unknown.

😊

Heart Attack

Heart Attack

What is a heart attack?

A heart attack occurs when blood supply to part of the heart is interrupted by the obstruction of a coronary artery.

Deprived of oxygen, the cells in this part of the heart muscle die little by little until the supply is restored.

The extent of the damage varies according to the duration of the interruption: heart damage can be mild, serious or irreversible. In some cases, the heart attack can be fatal.

Types of heart attack;

There are two types of heart attack:

Myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation (STEMI)

It occurs when the arterial obstruction is complete, that is, the blood flow in a coronary artery carrying oxygen-rich blood to the heart is completely interrupted.

Since the supply of oxygenated blood is interrupted, the entire thickness of the heart muscle that is supplied by this artery is damaged, which can lead to its death.

This can be seen on the electrocardiogram (ECG), which will show an elevation of the ST segment corresponding to the site of the lesion on the wall of the heart.

Myocardial infarction without ST segment elevation (NSTEMI)

It occurs when the arterial obstruction is partial, that is, the blood flow in a coronary artery carrying oxygen-rich blood to the heart is not completely interrupted.

Only part of the thickness of the wall of the heart is damaged.The ECG will not display any elevation from the ST segment.Signs and symptoms of a heart attack.

In men and women, discomfort or chest pain is the most common symptom of a heart attack. However, it is important to know the following facts:

The signs and symptoms are not always sudden or severe.

Some people have no chest pain.Some only experience mild pain or slight chest discomfort.Some have only one symptom.Others may experience or have a combination of signs and symptoms.

If you have any of the signs of a heart attack listed, it is imperative to:

1- Call local emergency number immediately.

2- Stop all activity and sit or lie down, in the position in which you are most comfortable.

3- Take your usual dose of nitroglycerin, if applicable.

4- Chew and swallow aspirin, or acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), if you have no risk of allergy or intolerance - take 1 tablet of 325 mg or 2 of 81 mg.

Aspirin can prevent the blood clot responsible for the heart attack from growing.

• It cannot be replaced with other painkillers, such as Tylenol (acetaminophen) or Advil (ibuprofen).

• It does not meet the need for medical care. Before taking it, call 9-1-1 or the local emergency number.

5- Calm down and rest while waiting for help.

6- Keep a list of your medications in your wallet or near your phone for emergency personnel.

Signs and symptoms in women:

Generally, women imagine that a heart attack is like what you see in Hollywood movies:

a lightning pain pushing the character to bring his hands to his chest before collapsing on the ground.

At 39, you’re not prepared for a heart attack. Unfortunately, heart disease can strike anyone, anytime.

Risk Factors You Can Control

*Smoking

*High blood pressure (high blood pressure)

*Hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia (high cholesterol and triglyceride levels)

*Unhealthy weight

*Diabetes

*Metabolic syndrome - the combination of unhealthy weight, high blood pressure and hyperglycemia (high blood sugar)

*Lack of physical activity

*Stress

*Use of recreational drugs - such as cocaine or amphetamine, which can cause spasm of one or more coronary arteries and lead to a heart attack.

Risk factors you can't control

*Age - The risk of having a heart attack increases with age.Family history -

*Your risk is higher if one of your close relatives was diagnosed with heart disease at a young age.

*Medical background -

Autoimmune conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis or lupus, increase your risk of having a heart attack. The same goes for preclampsia in pregnancy.

*And First Nations people have a higher risk of heart disease than the general population. It’s that they’re more likely to have high blood pressure and diabetes, health problems that can lead to heart disease.

*African or South Asian origin - People of African or South Asian origin are more likely to have high blood pressure, have diabetes and have other risk factors at a young age than rest of the population.

*Personal situation and environmental factors - Access to healthy food, clean water, health care and social services affect your health.

causes

In general, a heart attack occurs when the blood flow in one or more coronary arteries is interrupted.

The blockage prevents oxygen from reaching certain parts of the heart.

The main cause of blood flow interruption is narrowing and hardening of the arteries, or atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerosis is characterized by the accumulation of fatty plaque inside the wall of an artery.

This buildup hardens the artery wall.

Over time, the artery narrows and becomes blocked.

The plaque can also rupture, causing blood to clot and a blood clot to form.

The blood clot can get bigger, block a coronary artery, and interrupt blood flow to the heart, causing a heart attack.

A heart attack can also be caused by a spasm of the coronary artery.

The coronary artery temporarily tightens after a spasm.

This tightening can interrupt blood circulation in the artery.

Certain recreational drugs can cause a life-threatening spasm.The causes of spasms are often unknown.

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